1) Why is it important to know about glaucoma?
Damage due to glaucoma is preventable, not curable. It is therefore necessary that the disease should be detected and treated at its earliest stage to prevent blindness.

2) Which age does glaucoma affect?
Although glaucoma is most common above the age of 40 years, it may affect any age group. A special type of glaucoma called Congenital Glaucoma may affect even a newborn or a child. Any eye that appears bigger than normal in a child should be shown to an eye specialist.

3) Who all are at high risk of developing glaucoma?
• Presence of glaucoma in other family members
• Increasing age – above 40 years
• Thyroid disease o Patients who are on long term steroid therapy for other diseases such as asthma, arthritis etc.
• Previous eye injury or surgery o Hypermetropia (farsightedness)
Damage due to glaucoma may be more severe in those patients who have associated diabetes, widely fluctuating blood pressure and myopia.

4) How often should one get an eye check up?
• After the age of 40 years, one should get an eye check up for glaucoma every 3 to 4 years even if there are no symptoms.
• If a family member has glaucoma, if you have diabetes, if you are on long term systemic steroids for some other disease, or if you have suffered a blunt eye injury in the past, you must get your eyes checked every 1 to 2 years.

5)My vision is good, then why do you say I have glaucoma?
In glaucoma the central vision is not lost till the very late stages. It starts with damage to your peripheral vision and gradually comes to the centre. When the central vision is affected it is too late and nothing can be done to restore vision. In a way, a good vision is misleading as far as severity of glaucoma and extent of damage is concerned.

6) What is the normal pressure for an eye?
Normal pressure for an eye is one which does not cause any damage to the optic nerve. In most normal people the eye pressure is around 17 to 20 mm of mercury. Some people have higher pressure than this, but that does not cause damage to the nerve for years. However, such patients need careful monitoring so that damage to the nerve is detected at its earliest stage. On the other hand some patients have a much lower eye pressure, say 12 or 14 mm Hg, but this low pressure is not tolerated by the eye and the nerve is damaged. This is a special type of glaucoma and needs more careful monitoring and treatment.

7) How serious is my glaucoma problem?
It depends upon the amount of optic nerve damage that has already been caused. The damage can be measured by visual field analysis (VFA) and GDx (which measures the thickness of nerve). As the damage is permanent, appropriate measures are taken to prevent or slow down further damage.

8) Is glaucoma preventable?
Yes, damage due to glaucoma is preventable, not curable. Whatever damage that is already there cannot be restored, however further damage can be arrested or at least slowed down by appropriate treatment. It is a life-long treatment and needs regular followup.

9) Is Glaucoma hereditary?
Yes, blood related family members of glaucoma patients are likely to develop glaucoma more often than the general population. It is advisable that family members of glaucoma patients should get their eyes review to rule out glaucoma.

10) Can I get back my side vision after treatment?
Unfortunately the vision loss caused by glaucoma is permanent and cannot be regained.

11) What precaution must one take?
One must remember that glaucoma treatment is life long, and one should use the medicines regularly and should come for follow-up as and when advised. Persons who are at the risk of developing glaucoma (as listed previously) should undergo regular eye examinations. Diabetics should ensure good control of blood sugar levels Avoid smoking Avoid drinking 2-3 glasses of water at a time.

12) Do I need to come for follow up after laser / surgery?
Treatment of glaucoma is life-long. Even after laser or surgery one may need additional medication and a lifetime of follow up to monitor the progress of the disease.